![]() ![]() īorcard D, Gillet F, Legendre P et al (2011) Numerical ecology with R, 1st edn. īilton DT, Mcabendroth L, Bedford A, Ramsay PM (2006) How wide to cast the net? Cross-taxon congruence of species richness, community similarity and indicator taxa in ponds. functional guilds versus trophic groups as indicators of soil nematode diversity and community structure. īhusal DR, Kallimanis AS, Tsiafouli MA, Sgardelis SP (2014) Higher taxa vs. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, pp 122–145īevilacqua S, Terlizzi A, Claudet J et al (2012) Taxonomic relatedness does not matter for species surrogacy in the assessment of community responses to environmental drivers. In: Agosti D, Majer JD, Alonso LE, Schultz TR (eds) Ants standard methods for measuring and monitoring biodiversity. Proc R Soc B Biol Sci 263:1267–1274īestelmeyer BT, Agosti D, Alonso LE et al (2000) Field techniques for the study of ground-dwelling ants: an overview, description, and evaluation. īalmford A, Green MJB, Murray MG (1996) Using higher-taxon richness as a surrogate for species richness: I. īaccaro FB, Feitosa RM, Fernandez F, et al (2015) Guia para os gêneros de formigas do Brasil, 1st edn. Īngelo C (2017) Brazilian scientists reeling as federal funds slashed by nearly half. Austral Ecol 26:32–46Īngelo C (2016) Brazil’s scientists fight funding freeze. J Appl Ecol 39:8–17Īnderson MJ (2001) A new method for non-parametric multivariate analysis of variance. J Insect Conserv 3:61–64Īndersen AN, Hoffmann BD, Müller WJ, Griffiths AD (2002) Using ants as bioindicators in land management: simplifying assessment of ant community responses. Ecol Soc 1:1–8Īndersen AN (1999) My bioindicator or yours? Making the selection. Biol Conserv 73:39–43Īndersen AN (1997) Using ants as bioindicators: multiscale issues in ant community ecology. Īndersen AN (1995) Measuring more of biodiversity: genus richness as a surrogate for species in Australian ant faunas. AustraliaĪlves C, Vieira C, Almeida R, Hespanhol H (2016) Genera as surrogates of bryophyte species richness and composition. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington DCĪgosti D, Majer JD, Alonso LE, Schultz TR (2000b) Sampling ground dwelling ants: case studies from the World’s rain forests. The use of pitfall-traps or Winkler extractors for genus-level identification proved to be cost-efficient and time-efficient and should work well in other regions requiring conservation effort and monitoring programs.Īgosti D, Majer JD, Alonso L, Schultz TR (2000a) Ants standard methods for measuring and monitoring biodiversity. The results are consistent with the hypothesis that genus can be used as a proxy for broader sets of species independent of sampling technique or environmental heterogeneity. The negative effect of the species-genus ratio was detected only on species composition, but it did not affect the quality of predictions using genera. The higher-taxon approach saved approximately 40% of the surveys costs. Genus was efficient in predicting variations in richness, and assemblage composition detected at the species level, using pitfall-traps or Winkler extractors. Pitfall-traps captured a larger proportion of species (77–98%) and genera (71–100%) per site. We recorded 450 ant species/morphospecies distributed in 70 genera. The study sites were spread along 10 degrees of latitude, covering phytophysiognomies with different topographic characteristics. Here, we evaluated whether the use of pitfall trapping or Winkler extraction influenced the utility of genus as a surrogate to predict patterns of species richness and composition related to environment. The use of a higher-taxon approach that is efficient in representing species patterns within a short period of time is one way to overcome these constraints, especially if these responses are consistent at various spatial scales and sampling techniques. Survey costs and a lack of taxonomists are often the main impediments to biodiversity inventories.
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